References

General

Doliner, L.H. and J.H. Borden. 1984. Pesterms: A Glossary of Forest Pest Management Terms. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Pest Management Report #3. 34 pp.

Fink, K.E., P. Humphreys, and G.V. Hawkins. 1990. Field Guide to Pests of Managed Forests in British Columbia. FRDA Joint Publication No. 16.

Furniss, R.L., and V.M. Carolin. 1977. Western Forest Insects. U.S. Dept. Agric. For. Serv. Misc. Publ. 1339.
654 pp.

Douglas-fir tussock moth

Brookes M.H., R.W. Stark and R.W. Campbell (eds.). 1978. The Douglas-fir Tussock Moth: A Synthesis. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1585. Washington, D.C.

Erickson, R.D. 1990. The Douglas-fir tussock moth. Can. For. Serv., FPL 9.

Shepherd, R.F. and I.S. Otvos. 1986. Pest management of Douglas-fir tussock moth: procedures for insect monitoring, problem evaluation and control actions. Can. For. Serv. Info. Rept. BC–X 270.

Western spruce budworm

Alfaro, R.I. and L.E. Maclauchlan. 1992. A method to calculate the losses caused by western spruce budworm in uneven-aged Douglas-fir forests of British Columbia. For. Ecol. Manage., 55:295–313.

Brookes, M.H., R.W. Campbell, J.J. Colbert, R.G. Mitchel and R.W. Stark. 1987. Western Spruce Budworm. CANUSA Budworms Program – West. Tech. Bull. No. 1694.

Maclauchlan, L.E. and I.K. Smith. 1987. Management of the western spruce budworm in the Kamloops Forest Region–1987: Problems and approaches. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Kamloops Forest Region, Internal Report PM–K–7. 63 pp.

Parfett, N., D. Clarke and A. Van Sickle. 1994. Using a geographical information system for the input and analysis of historical western spruce budworm in British Columbia. Can. For. Serv./B.C. Min. of Forests FRDA Report 219.

Western hemlock looper

Turnquist, R. 1991. Western hemlock looper in British Columbia. Can. For. Serv. FIDS Report 91–8.

Eastern spruce budworm

Moody, B.H. and I.S. Otvos. 1979. The status of the spruce budworm in Newfoundland in 1978. Can. For. Serv., St. John's, Nfd., Inf. Rep. N–X–171.

Western blackheaded budworm

Koot, H.P. 1991. Western blackheaded budworm. Can. For. Serv., FPL 24.