Foreword Introduction to web based training (WBT) Course guide Help page Web browser basics Module 1 Background to biodiversity Overview What is biological diversity? Economic importance of biodiversity Ecological importance of biodiversity Ethical or cultural importance of biodiversity Biodiversity in British Columbia BC's biodiversity at risk How can we manage biodiversity? Two approaches to forest management Ecosystem or coarse filter approach to forest management Landscape level concepts and the ecosystem approach What can we do at the landscape level? Natural disturbance processes Stand level disturbance processes Species-specific or fine filter approach to forest management How do the fine filter and coarse filter approaches work together? Figure 1: Ordination of some Pacific northwestern mammals Figure 1-1: Biogeoclimatic zones of British Columbia Figure 2: Biodiversity maintenance levels Figure 3: Disturbance history of British Columbia's forests Figure 4: Distribution of NDTs across British Columbia Figure 5: Relationship between Biodiversity guidebook and other guidebooks Module 2 Maintaining stand level biodiversity Overview Why manage for biodiversity? General biodiversity management considerations Forest edge and interior habitat (patch size) Forest management practices to manage for edge and interior habitat Natural disturbances and cutblock size Figure 6. The effect of patch shape on the amount of edge and interior habitats Module 3 Stand level components of forest biodiversity Overview 3A Stand structure Horizontal structure Vertical structure Importance Management application Figure 7: Horizontal and vertical stand structure 3B Wildlife trees What is a wildlife tree? Characteristics Categories of wildlife tree users General management principles Wildlife tree patches (WTP) Wildlife tree patch composition Interpatch distance Recommendations Management Applications Individual live tree retention Worker safety issue Common safety problems Worker safety recommendations Retention recommendations Creating wildlife trees Stubs Tree topping Fungal inoculation Nestboxes and cavity construction Planting standing dead trees (snags) Blasting Stem girdling Importance Habitat value Worker safety considerations Management application Figure 8: British Columbia's wildlife tree classification system Figure 9. Wildlife tree reserves incorporated into 4 silvicultural systems Figure 10. Location of standing dead trees (snags) in a wildlife tree patch Figure 11. Artificially created wildlife trees (stubs) Figure 12. Creating artificial nest hole for cavity nesting ducks or owls Table 1A & 1B. Percentage area required as wildlife tree patches 3C Coarse woody debris (CWD) Figure 13. Successional stages of decomposition in logs and standing dead trees Maintaining CWD Management applications Harvesting methods 3D Forest floor Management applications 3E Special habitats Importance Management applications 3F Tree & vegetation species composition Management applications 3G Related topics Calculating wildlife tree patch areas No-work zones (NWZ) Wildlife Tree Committee (WTC) Module 3 Self-assessment quiz Module 4 Managing for biodiversity in Commercial Thinning Overview Opportunities in even-aged stands Stand Structural diversity Wildlife Figure 14. Vary stand density for structural diversity objectives Figure 15. Future retention areas Figure 16. Avoid sensitive wet sites Module 5 Operational planning Cutblock design Overview General Planning Procedures for Biodiversity Management at the Stand-Level Windthrow Windthrow considerations in patch planning Windthrow considerations in riparian areas Figure 17. Wildlife tree patches (WTP) and riparian management area (RMA) Module 6 Managing for biodiversity at the stand level Overview General recommendations for managing for biodiversity at the stand level in silviculture practices Figure 18. Standing dead trees that have been assessed, by a certified trained assessor Figure 19. Perspective view of a spaced stand Figure 20. Map of block after spacing survey (shows planned block) Figure 21. Examples of juvenile spacing set in the context of an overall landscape plan Figure 22. Perspective view of a spaced stand Module 7 Managing for biodiversity and other objectives Overview Forest Health Stand level biodiversity — range considerations Maintaining biodiversity — range considerations Fire suppression and prescribed fire Silvicultural systems Planting Thinning Erosion and brush control Soil disturbance and road building Biodiversity objectives for permanent range Figure 23. Permanent range; riparian area; early seral forest and grazing Glossary Selected literature List of figures Appendix 1 — Soil biodiversity Appendix 2 — Animals that consume forest pests Appendix 3 — Summary of stand level considerations Appendix 4 Learning strategies Synectics Mind mapping Mind mapping schematic Mind mapping in use (example) Tree diagram Tree diagram schematic Graphic organizer Graphic organizer schematic T-chart T-chart schematic Ladder diagram Ladder diagram schematic Fishbone diagram Fishbone schematic Multiple circles diagram Summary diagram Venn diagram Glossary Selected literature Stand Level Biodiversity Course Evaluation Form
