| DESCRIPTION: Beetle - 1 to 2 mm black elongate to oval in shape | |||||||
| BACKGROUND | LIFE CYCLE | ||||||
| Availability | Habitat | Adult Emergence | Egg Laying | Larva Development | F1 | Adult Life Span | Over Winters |
| G | Wherever Dalmation toadflax occurs | May | June into flower buds | In flower - seed pods | 1 to 3 monts | Larvae pupate in soil | |
| ATTACK | COLLECTION | NOTES | |||||
| Stage | Damage | Life Stage | Method | ||||
| Larvae - | Reproductive organs and seeds | Adults early summer | Sweep net, aspirator | ||||
| Adults - | Young stems | ||||||
| DESCRIPTION: Moth - 12 to 14 mm pale to dark brown with white crescent marking on wing | |||||||
| BACKGROUND | LIFE CYCLE | ||||||
| Availability | Habitat | Adult Emergence | Egg Laying | Larva Development | F1 | Adult Life Span | Over Winters |
| N | Warm summers | May to August | May to August on leaves | Feed on leaves | Early summer | 3 to 12 days | pupae on stems |
| ATTACK | COLLECTION | NOTES | |||||
| Stage | Damage | Life Stage | Method | F2 is possible but most larvae pupate and overwinter as 2nd generation pupae. | |||
| Larvae- | Defoliater | Larvae, mid summer and fall | Hand pick | ||||
| Adults, May to August | Aspirator | ||||||
| DESCRIPTION: Moth - 9 mm black body yellow head gold flecks on black wings | |||||||
| BACKGROUND | LIFE CYCLE | ||||||
| Availability | Habitat | Adult Emergence | Egg Laying | Larva Development | F1 | Adult Life Span | Over Winters |
| N | Not known | Late spring | Late spring on leaf axils or stem base | Bore into stem and develop in root | Late fall | 2 weeks | Larvae in root |
| ATTACK | COLLECTION | NOTES | |||||
| Stage | Damage | Life Stage | Method | Peak collection time 1 to 2 hours before sunrise and after sunset. | |||
| Larvae - | Root miners | Adults | Aspirator Sweep net | ||||
| DESCRIPTION: Weevil - 5 mm grey colored | |||||||
| BACKGROUND | LIFE CYCLE | ||||||
| Availability | Habitat | Adult Emergence | Egg Laying | Larva Development | F1 | Adult Life Span | Over Winters |
| N | Does not withstand extreme cold winter temperatures | May | Late June to mid August into flower ovary | Develop in seed pods | Mid August to early October | 10 months | Adults in seed capsule or in debris |
| ATTACK | COLLECTION | NOTES | |||||
| Stage | Damage | Life Stage | Method | Avoid releasing where Brachypterolus pulicarius (camivorus larvae) is abundant. | |||
| Larvae - | In seed pods gall tissue forms around seeds | Adults July to August | Sweep net | ||||
| DESCRIPTION: Weevil - 3 to 5 mm | |||||||
| BACKGROUND | LIFE CYCLE | ||||||
| Availability | Habitat | Adult Emergence | Egg Laying | Larva Development | F1 | Adult Life Span | Over Winters |
| N | Grassland, colline habitat | April and May | 3 weeks after adult emergence in spring | In root galls | Late July to late summer | 1 year | Adults-In soil near roots or in galls |
| ATTACK | COLLECTION | NOTES | |||||
| Stage | Damage | Life Stage | Method | ||||
| Larvae - | Root | Adult | Sweep net, hand pick | ||||
| DESCRIPTION: Weevil - 5 mm black elongated | |||||||
| BACKGROUND | LIFE CYCLE | ||||||
| Availability | Habitat | Adult Emergence | Egg Laying | Larva Development | F1 | Adult Life Span | Over Winters |
| N | Hot dry forest or grasslands, large stemmed plants | May | May to mid July into stems | Mines stem tissue | Late August and September | 3 to 4 months | Adults in stem |
| ATTACK | COLLECTION | NOTES | |||||
| Stage | Damage | Life Stage | Method | Affected stems are swollen and cracked and often dead above larvae. | |||
| Larvae - | Stem miners | Adults May to July | Light sweep net | ||||